-    -

특목영어프로그램

수능영어 / 혼돈하기 쉬운영어

★ 아는 단어에 ☑ 표 하시오

aboard/abroad ▪aboard[əbɔ́ːrd] ad. (배를) 타고, 탑승하여 ▪abroad ad.해외에. 해외로 ♣ The long hours [aboard / abroad] that isolated ship, however, gave him time to read the memoirs of Charles Pere.

accept/except/expect ▪accept[æksépt] v. 받아들이다 ▪except[iksépt] prep. -을 제외하고 ▪expect	v. 기대하다

access/excess ￭ access[ǽkses] n. 접근. 출입 ￭ excess[iksés, ékses] n. 과다. 과잉. 초과

achieve/inherit ▪achieve 성취하다 ▪inherit 상속하다. 물려받다. 유전 받다 ♣ Blood type, like hair color and height, is [achieved / inherited] from parents.

acquire/inquire/require ▪acquire v. 얻다, 획득하다 ▪inquire v. 묻다, 문의하다 ▪require v. 요구하다 ♣ You are probably aware that our school has been given the chance to [acquire / require] a piece of land opposite the main buildings on the other side of Empire Road. This land has been donated to the school by Mr. John Smith.

across/cross ￭ across prep. 가로질러. 건너서 ￭ cross v. 건너다. 교차하다. n. 십자가

act/react ￭ act v. 행동하다 ❊ act up to (주의․이상․약속 따위)에 따라 행동하다 ￭ react v. 반응하다 ♣ The African bee and its hybrids [act / react] even more strongly to the message than other bees.

actively/passively ￭ actively ad. 적극적으로. 활발히 ￭ passively a. 수동적으로 ♣ Kids need activities that engage them, physically, emotionally, intellectually, and sensually, not hours spent [passively / actively] front of the television set.

adapt/adopt ▪adapt[ədǽpt] v.적응시키다. 각색하다 ▪adopt [ədɑ́pt] v.채택하다. 입양하다 ♣ Like-- all other industries, the rose business must [adopt / adapt]  to changing conditions in the marketplace.

addition/edition ￭ addition n. 추가. 덧셈 ￭ edition (초판․재판의) 판(版) ♣  Originally published in 1884, Ramona has been issued in various [editions / additions], with a total of 135 printings.

adjust/notice ▪adjust v. 조절하다. 조정하다. 적응하다 ▪notice v. 알아채다. 인지하다.♣ Watch a group of children as they play. You'll probably [adjust/notice] that the boys and girls play differently, speak differently, and are interested in different things.

affect/effect ▪affect v. 영향을 주다 ▪effect n. 영향. 효과 cf. have an effect on -에 영향을 미치다.  ♣ A bright sunlit day on the water  also has an adverse [effect / affect] on the film in the camera unless certain precautions are taken. ♣[ Can background music [affect / effect] our impressions toward a product? ♣[ Computers can play distinct roles in commerce. Thus, cyber crime certainly [effects / affects] the success of electronic commerce.

alive/live ￭ alive a. 살아있는[서술적] ￭ live v. 살다. a. 살아있는 : a live fish.

allow/arrow ▪arrow[ǽrou] n. 화살 ▪allow[əláu] v. 허락하다

almost/most ￭ almost ad. 거의 ￭ most pron. a. 대부분(의). ad. 가장 ♣ The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was [almost/most] empty.

already/ready ￭ already ad. 이미. 벌써 ￭ ready a. 준비가 된. 즉시 쓸 수 있는 ♣ Therefore, [ready / already] availability of guns is a major contributing cause of violent crimes.

altar/alter ￭ altar[ɔ́ːltər] n. 제단  ￭ alter[ɔ́ːltər] v. 바꾸다. 변경하다

alternative/alternation ▪alternative n. 대안. 택일 ▪alternation n. 교대. 교체 ♣There will be no better [alternative/alternation] to nuclear energy for the time being.

altitude/attitude ￭ altitude[ǽltətjùːd] n. 높이. 고도 ￭ attitude[ǽtitjùːd] n. 태도 ♣ It would, in other words, examine how machines had an effect on people's [altitudes / attitudes] and everyday life.

amaze/amuse ▪amaze v. 놀라게 하다  ▪amuse v. 기쁘게 하다

analysis/analyze ￭ analysis[ənǽləsis] n. 분석 ￭ analyze[ǽnəlàiz] v. 분석하다

ancestor/descendant ￭ ancestor n. 조상. 선조 ￭ descendant n. 자손. 후손. ♣ In some ways they were better educated than their [ancestors / descendants] today.

any/some ♣ Yet it was the Greeks who first subjected their knowledge to a rational examination and who first made explicit [any / some] of the characteristics of scientific method.

appreciate/depreciate ￭ appreciate v. 감사하다. 감상하다. 인정하다 ￭ depreciate v. 경시하다. (화폐)를 평가절하하다. ♣ Small kids [depreciate / appreciate] small things. They don't need expensive or elaborate toys. Often a cupboard of pots and pans or plastic containers or a sock turned into a hand puppet is enough to fascinate them for hours.

apprehend/comprehend ￭ apprehend 염려하다. 걱정하다 ￭ comprehend v.이해하다

arise/rise/raise ▪arise 일어나다. 발생하다 ￭ rise v. 일어서다. 오르다 ▪raise 기르다. 모금하다. ♣[05-05-고력24번] Well-educated, they had [raised/arisen] their children according to the most progressive  thinking ♣ The increase in temperature could cause the great ice sheets to melt, which in turn would [raise / rise] the level of the oceans by one to two meters. Many coastal cities would be underwater.

arrive/reach ▪arrive 도착하다[at. in] ▪reach 이르다. 도착하다 ♣ Although only the largest icebergs ever [arrive/reach] steamer routes because of their rapid melting in salt water.

aspire/inspire ￭ aspire v. 열망하다 ￭ inspire v. 고무하다. 격려하다 ♣ Another serious problem is that a lack of self-confidence is often a feature of young women [inspiring / aspiring] to be scientists or engineers.

assemble/resemble ￭ assemble v. 모으다 ￭ resemble v. -와 닮다 ♣ Snakes [assemble / resemble] lizards more than they do other reptiles.

assist/resist ▪assist v.돕다. 원조하다 ▪resist v. 저항하다 ♣  I have been asked to     [assist / resist]  in creating a committee to improve the Sunshine Charity.

assume/consume  ▪assume v. 추측하다. 가정하다. ▪consume v. 소비하다. 소모하다  ♣I was [assuming / consuming] far too much caffeine.

attachment/detachment ▪attachment n. 부착. 집착 ▪detachment n. 분리. 이탈. 초연 ♣ People spend so much time and energy trying to show that they are right. What's the point? Your [attachment/detachment] to "being right" can isolate you from others.

attain/contain/obtain ▪attain v. 얻다. 달성하다 ▪contain v.내포하다. 포함하다 ￭ obtain v. 얻다. 획득하다 ♣ He knew that his bag  [attained / contained] the food for the journey.♣ As for the lawyer, he would [ contain/obtain] the apartment without paying a large amount of money at one time.

attempt/attract // attract/distract ▪attempt v. 시도하다 ▪attract v. 끌다. 끌어당기다 ￭ distract (마음․주의 등을) 빗가게 하다, (딴 데로) 돌리다 ♣ The number of high school graduates is declining every year. As a result, provincial universities have a hard time [attempting/attracting] students to their schools.

attend/attend to/attend on ▪attend v. 참석하다, 출석하다 ▪attend to v. 주의(주목)하다 ▪attend on v. 시중들다

attention/attendance// attention/intention ￭ attention n. 관심. 주의 ￭ attendance n. 출석. 참석▪intention n.의도. 의향 ♣ It was during that talk that he had a spur-of-the-moment inspiration to help the sixty-one children in [attention / attendance].  ♣ The restaurant wasn't busy, and I was able to give the couple seated at my table my complete [attention/intention].

attribute/contribute/distribute ▪attribute v -탓으로 돌리다. -의 덕분으로 생각하다 ▪contribute v. 공헌하다, 기여하다 distribute v.분배하다 ♣ Historians aren't certain exactly where or when chess originated. Many suggestions have been offered over the years, [contributing/attributing] the invention of chess to everyone from the Chinese to the ancient Persians to the Welsh.

average/coverage ▪average n. 평균 ▪coverage n. 적용범위. 보도. ♣ He thought that she would die before long  considering the [average / coverage] life expectancy.

banish/vanish ￭ banish v. 추방하다 ￭ vanish v. 사라지다

beast/breast ▪beast n. 짐승  ▪breast n. 가슴

beat/won ▪beat v. (상대를)이기다 ▪win v.(경쟁. 경기에서)이기다 ♣ Since I was always focused on computers, I thought at some point that if I had to, I probably would go into web design or something. That’s probably what I would have done, if I had not [beaten / won]  my first competitors.

before/ago ￭ before [과거의 어떤 때를 기준으로] -전 ￭ ago [현재를 기준으로] -전

belief/brief ▪belief n. 신념, 믿음  ▪brief a. 간단한

beneficial/beneficent ▪beneficial[bènəfíʃəl] a. 유익한, 유리한  ▪beneficent[bənéfəsənt] a. 자선심이 많은, 인정 많은 ♣ Vegetarianism can also have [beneficial / beneficent] effects on the environment as well.

beside/besides  ▪beside prep. -옆에  ▪besides prep. -이외에  ad. 게다가

bleed/breed ▪bleed v. 피 흘리다  ▪breed v. 기르다, 양육하다

blow/brow ￭ blow v. 불다 ￭ brow v. 이마

blush/brush ￭ blush[blʌʃ] v. 얼굴을 붉히다 ￭ brush[brʌʃ] n. 솔. 붓

board/broad ▪board n. 널빤지, 판  v. 탑승하다   ▪broad a 넓은, 광대한

bold/bald ▪bold[bould] a. 대범한 bald[bɔːld] a. 대머리의

boost/burst ￭ boost[buːst] v 밀어 올리다. 경기를 부양하다. (공급을) 늘리다 ￭ burst[bəːrst] v. 터지다. 폭발하다 ♣ In order to [boost / burst]  sales of toys at times other than the peak sale times such as Christmas, manufacturers use many techniques.

borrow/lend/rent ￭ borrow v. 빌리다 ￭ lend v.빌려주다 ￭ rent n. 임대료. 집세 v. 임차하다. 임대하다 •rent a room from a person 아무로부터 방을 세 얻다 • rent a room to a person 아무에게 방을 세놓다.

bow/bough ￭ bow[bou]n. 활 ❊bow[bau]n. 절. 인사. 뱃머리 v. 인사하다 ￭ bough[bau]n. 큰 가지

breath/breathe/breadth ￭ breath[breɵ] n. 숨. 호흡 ￭ breathe [briːð] v. 호흡하다. 숨쉬다 ￭ breadth[bredɵ] n. 폭. 너비

bride/bribe ￭ bride n. 신부 ￭ bribe n. 뇌물

burglar/vulgar ▪burglar[bə́ːrglər] n. (가택침입)강도  ▪vulgar[vʌ́lgər] a. 저속한, 천박한, 통속적인

capital/capitol ￭ capital[kǽpitl n. 수도. 자본. 대문자 a. 주요한. 사형에 처할 만한. 중대한 • capital sentence 사형 선고 ￭ capitol[kǽpitl] n. 국회의사당

care/core ▪care n. 걱정. 주의. 관심 ▪core n. 핵심 ♣ It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you have lost a great deal of blood. However, special [care / core] must be taken in selecting new blood for you.

career/carrier ▪career[kəríər] n. 경력. 직업 ▪carrier[kǽriər]n. 운수회사. 전염병매개체 ♣[The couple did not want Abelard’s [career / carrier] to be hurt by scandal. ♣ When I started snowboarding and then decided to turn professional, it wasn’t really a  [career / carrier]  option.

carton/cartoon ￭ carton[kɑ́ːrtən] n. (판지로 만든) 상자. 갑 ￭ cartoon[kɑːrtúːn] n. (풍자)만화

carve/curve ￭ carve v. 새기다. 조각하다 ￭ curve n. 곡선

castle/cattle ￭ castle[kǽsl] n. 성 ￭ cattle[kǽtl] n. 소

cause/lead to ▪cause v. -의 원인이 되다. 일으키다 ▪lead v. (┅로) 이끌다, 결국 (┅이) 되다(to).♣ A flu vaccine can protect you from two weeks of severe cold-like symptoms that could [cause / lead to] more serious long-term, or even life-threatening, diseases.

cease/seize ￭ cease[siːs] v. 멈추다. 그만두다 = stop ￭ seize[siːz] v. 붙잡다

character/characteristic ▪character n. 성격. 인격. 등장인물. 문자 ▪characteristic n. 특징♣[05-07-Exam4you24번] Marine mammals have the same [characters / characteristics] as all other mammals, but they have adapted or adjusted to life in the ocean.

childlike/childish ▪childlike	a. 어린애다운, 귀여운 ▪childish a. 유치한 : a childish idea 유치한 생각.

cite/sight/site ￭ cite[sait] v. 인용하다 ￭ sight[sait] n. 시각. 봄. 광경. 명소 ￭ site[sait] n. 장소. 현장. 부지. 용지

cloth/clothes ￭ cloth n. 천 ￭ clothes n. 옷. 의복 ♣ In Western countries, many people go to parties in the evening wearing formal [cloth / clothes], like tuxedos and gowns.

coarse/course ￭ coarse[kɔːrs] a. 조잡한. 거친 ￭ course[kɔːrs] n. 경로. 진행. 과정

collect/correct ▪collect v. 모으다, 수집하다 ▪correct a. 옳은  v. 옳게 고치다

collectable/connectable ￭ collectable a. 모을 수 있는 ￭ connectable a. 연결할 수 있는 ♣ When you clean out your attic, don't throw out what looks like a piece of junk until you determine its potential as a [collectible / connectable] antique.

community/commodity ￭community 공동체. 지역사회 ￭ commodity n. 일용품. 상품 ♣ Salt was once one of the most valuable [commodities / communities] known to humans.

compact/impact ▪compact a. 밀집한 n. 소형차. 계약 ▪impact n. 충돌. 충격. 영향 ♣The class would examine the [compact/impact] of this development on society.

company/accompany ￭ company n. 회사. 일행. 친구 ￭ accompany v. 수행하다. 동반하다

comparable/comparative ▪comparable[kɑ́mpərəbəl] a. 비교될만한, 비교되는(with); 필적하는(to). ￭comparative[kəmpǽrətiv] a.비교의, 상대적인 ♣ Women are unequally represented in science, engineering, and technology, and their career progression is not [comparable / comparative] to that of male colleagues.

compete/complete ￭ compete v. 경쟁하다 ￭ complete v. 완성하다. a. 완전한

competence/competition ▪competence 적성. 능력 a. competent ▪competition n. 경쟁

complement/compliment ▪complement [kɑ́mpləmènt] v. 보충하다 ▪compliment[kɑ́mpləmènt] v. 칭찬하다 ♣ Replace the cruel comment with a sincere [complement / compliment].

composure/composition ▪composure n. 침착. 냉정. 평온 ▪composition n. 구성. 작문. 작곡

comprehensible/comprehensive ￭ comprehensible a.이해할 수 있는 ￭ comprehensive a. 포괄적인

comprise/compromise ￭ comprise[kəmpráiz] v. 포함하다. 구성하다 ￭ compromise[kɑ́mprəmàs] v. 타협하다. 화해하다 ♣ Both parties must be willing to [comprise / compromise] to solve the problem.

conference/interference ▪conference n. 회담. 회의 ▪interference[ìntərfíərəns] n. 방해. 간섭 ♣ While many language learners suffer [conference / interference] from their first language when they try to use their foreign language, the good language learner seems to be able to use knowledge of the first language to help master the foreign language.

confess/profess ￭ confess v. 자백하다. 고백하다 ￭ profess v. 공언하다

confirm/conform // conform/perform/reform ▪confirm[kənfə́ːrm]	v. 확실히 하다 ▪conform[kənfɔ́ːrm] v. 순응하다, 따르다 ￭ perform v. 수행하다. 공연하다 ￭ reform v. 개혁하다. 개정하다 ♣ You were also required to [reform / perform] physical tasks now and then.

conscious/conscience/conscientious ▪conscious[kɑ́nʃəs] a. 의식하는 n. 의식 ▪conscience[kɑ́nʃəns] n. 양심  [kɑ̀nʃiénʃəs] a. 양심적인

consent/contend/content/contemp ▪consent	n. v. 동의(하다)	▪contend v. 다투다, 경쟁하다 ▪content a. 만족한  n. 내용(물), 차례 ￭ contempt n. 경멸. 모욕

conservation/conversation ▪conservation n. 보존  ▪conversation n. 대화

conservative/progressive ▪conservative a. 보수적인 ▪ progressive a. 진보적인. 전진하는 ♣ Well-educated, they had raised their children according to the most [progressive /conservative] thinking. Emphasizing feelings rather than behavior, the parents allowed the kids to express themselves openly.

considerable/considerate  ▪considerable[kənsídərəbəl] a. 상당한, 대단한  ▪considerate[kənsídərit] a. 사려 깊은, 이해심 많은 ♣ Learning Korean may be difficult for English speakers because in Korean, unlike in English, [considerable / considerate]  differences exist in both grammar and vocabulary depending on the relationship between the two people involved . ♣Whether there's a regulation or not, the bottom line is that good neighbors are those who are [considerate / considerable] of those around them.♣ The early Greeks were the first to formulate some of the problems and their work exercised [considerable / considerate] influence for two thousand years. ♣ In recent years drought and severe storms with high winds have caused [considerate / considerable] erosion of the soil.

constant/instant ￭ constant a. 계속적인 ￭ instant ￭ 즉각적인

consumption/conception/perception ￭ consumption n. 소비 ￭ conception n. 개념 ￭ perception n. 인식 ♣ Cultural and historical influences, as well as one's own [perception / consumption] of what is aesthetically pleasing, play a role in what one believes to be art.

contempt/contemplate ▪contempt n. 경멸, 모욕 ▪contemplate. 숙고하다

continual/continuous ▪continual a. 빈번한  ▪continuous a. 끊임없이 이어지는 ♣ continual 끊겼다가도 곧 계속되는: continual misunderstanding between nations 국가 간의 빈번한 오해. continuous, 끊이지 않는, 중단 없이 계속되는: a continuous rain 줄기차게 내리는 비.

contract/contrast ￭ contract n. v. 계약(하다). 수축하다 ￭ contrast n. 대조 ♣  In the mid-sixties, a lawyer made an agreement to give some money every month to an old lady in her seventies. This [contract / contrast] seemed beneficial to both of them.

cooperation/explanation // cooperation/corporation ￭ cooperation[kouɑ̀pəréiʃən] n. 협동. 협력 ￭ explanation n. 설명 ￭ corporation[kɔ̀ːrpəréiʃən] n. 법인. 주식회사 ♣ Instead, offer useful ideas and points of view in the spirit of [cooperation / corporation]. ♣ A surprising number of employees in large [cooperations / corporations] report feeling pressure to do the "wrong" tiling.  ♣ Many scientists are now studying the origins of these gender differences. Some are searching for an [explanation / cooperation] in the human brain.

corrupt/erupt // corruption/eruption  ￭ corruption n. 타락. 부패 ∎ corrupt a. 부패한. 부정한 v. 매수하다  ￭ eruption n. (화산의) 폭발 ∎erupt v. 폭발하다 ♣ In one study, one out of eight workers reported that their co-workers or managers somehow pressured them to do something against the company's ethical standards. Such internal [corruption / eruption] has led several large companies into difficulty and even complete failures.

cost/pay ￭cost v. -비용이 들다. 희생시키다 ￭ pay v. 지불하다 ♣ In conclusion, cyber crime is clearly a very serous crime. Cyber crime [pays/costs] industry and society billions of dollars each year.

counsel/council ￭ counsel[káunsəl] n. 의논. 충고. 상담 ￭ council[káunsəl] n. 모임. 회의. 의회

count/account/amount ￭ count v. 세다 ▪account [for] -설명하다. -의 (비율을)차지하다. ▪amount [to] 상당하다 ♣. Spam [accounts / amounts] for 50 percent of all e-mail and is growing.

counter/encounter ￭ counter n. 계산대. v. 반대하다 ￭ encounter n. 마주침. 조우  v. 우연히 만나다. 조우하다 ♣ There are sometimes violent [counters / encounters] between fox hunters and animal lovers.

crash/crush ￭ crash v.충돌하다 ￭ crush v. 눌러 부수다

current/currency ￭ current n. 흐름. 경향. 전류. a. 현재의 ￭ currency n. 통화. 화폐 ♣ In the Roman Empire, salt was sometimes even used as  [current / currency]

daily/dairy/diary ▪daily [déili] a. 매일의 ad. 매일 ▪dairy[dɛ́əri] n.낙농장, 낙농▪diary[dáiəri]n. 일기

dawn/down ▪dawn[dɔːn] n. 새벽  ￭ down[daun] ad. 아래로

decay/delay ▪decay v. 썩다 ▪delay v. 미루다, 연기하다

decline/incline ￭ decline v. (아래로) 기울다. 감소하다. 거절하다 ￭ incline[to] v. -하고 싶어지다. -하는 경향이 있다. ♣ Everyone should receive an annual flu vaccination because the flu viruses change constantly and the effectiveness of the vaccine [declines / inclines] over time.

decrease/deteriorate // decrease/increase ￭ decrease v. 줄다. 감소하다 ￭ deteriorate[ditíəriərèit] v. 악화되다. ￭ increase v. 증가하다 ♣ The condition of the topsoil on the ranches and farms of the Great Plains of the United States has continued to [decrease / deteriorate]. ♣ The velocity of a river is reduced when it enters a large body of water such as a lake. The [decrease / increase] in velocity causes particles carried by the river, such as rocks, pebbles and sand, to settle to the bottom. ♣ When you borrow money, you must pay back a given amount of money in the future. If prices fall, that implies that the real value of your debt [decreases / increases]. You must pay back more valuable dollars then the ones you borrowed.

dedicate/indicate ￭ dedicate v. 헌신하다 ￭ indicate v.가리키다. 지시하다 ♣ With the number of web sites, chat rooms, and other online resources and services [indicated / dedicated] to diet growing on an almost daily basis, it is enjoying unprecedented levels of popularity.

defect/defeat ￭ defect n. 결점 ￭ defeat v. 이기다. 무찌르다

defend/offend ￭ defend v. 막다. 방어하다 ￭ offend v. 화나게 하다. 위반하다 ♣ And they offered them an equal voice in family decisions and gave them freedom to pick their clothes, friends and TV shows. They also [defended / offended] their children when the kids collided with school authorities, and the kids were assigned to do their own household chores.

definite/definitive ￭ definite a. 뚜렷한. 분명한 ￭ definitive a. 결정적인. 최종적인

definition/recognition ￭ definition n. 정의 ￭ recognition n. 승인. 인정 ♣ What is art? According to one [definition / recognition], it is the creation of something that appeals to our sense of beauty.

delete/detect ￭delete v. 삭제하다. 지우다 ￭ detect v. 발견하다. 탐지하다 ♣ Cyber crime is often hard to discover and the culprits cross borders and countries and are far away from the scene of crime, by the time the crime is [deleted / detected].

deliver/deliberate // deliver/delay▪deliver v.배달하다, 전달하다 deliberate [dilíbərit]a. 신중한. 의도적인 [dilíbərèit] v. 심사숙고하다 ￭delay v. 미루다. 연기하다 ♣ he smaller and lighter particles are [delivered / delayed] further from the shore than the larger and heavier particles.

delivery/deliverance ￭ delivery n. 배달 ￭ deliverance n. 구출. 구조 ♣ Spam slows down the [deliverance / delivery] of legitimate e-mail.

demand/supply ▪demand n. 수요. 요구 ▪supply n. 공급 ♣  On special days like Valentine’s Day, the cost of a dozen roses rose twofold or more as a result of high  [supply / demand]

dependable/dependent //dependent/independent ▪dependable a. 신뢰할 수 있는  ▪dependent a. 의존적인 ￭ independent a. 독립한. 독립적인 ♣ As humans, we are completely [independent / dependent] on biodiversity for survival. Yet we are destroying large parts of our natural world. ❊ biodiversity 생물의 다양성

describe/subscribe ￭ describe v. 묘사하다 ￭ subscribe v.예약하다. 구독하다 ♣ The findings of this study have given rise to a new term, “Net compulsion,” to [describe / subscribe] Internet addiction.

desert/dessert //desert/insert ￭ desert[dizə́ːrt] v. 버리다. ❊desert[dézərt] n. 사막 ￭ dessert[dizə́ːrt] n. 디저트. 후식 ￭ insert v. 끼어 넣다. 삽입하다

desirable/desirous▪desirable[dizáiərəbəl a. 바람직한 ▪desirous[dizáiərəs] a. 원하는. 열망하는 ♣[05-06-종로24번] For most people a movie is a cheap ticket to get far away from the stress and problems of their everyday lives. So people are [desirous / desirable] of more wonderful movies.

destruct/construct //destruction/separation ￭ destruction n. 파괴 ￭ separation n. 분리. 이별 ♣ Even in the age of modern boilers, an ondol can be used. Unlike the Western world where the hot water circulates through radiators on the wall, in Korean houses hot water circulates through the pipes [constructed / destroyed] under the floor. ♣ Since the composition of the particles on the lake bottom changes from left to right, as shown in the figure above, this [destruction / separation] of particles is referred to as horizontal sorting.

die/dye ￭ die[died-died-dying] v. 죽다 ￭ dye[dai](dyed-dyed-dyeing] n. 물감. 염료. v. 물들이다

discourage/encourage ￭ discourage v. 용기를 읽게 하다. 단념시키다. ￭ encourage v. 용기를 주다. 격려하다 ♣ The pro-gun side says that gun ownership [encourages / discourages] criminals. For instance, in Great Britain and Canada, countries with low rates of gun ownership, burglaries are three times more common than in the United States.

disease/decease ▪disease[dizíːz] n. 질병  ▪decease[disíːs] n. 사망

distinguish/extinguish ￭ distinguish v. 구별하다 ￭ extinguish v. 끄다= put out ♣ Trademarks, on the other hand, protect designs and slogans that a business uses to [distinguish / extinguish] its product from other companies' products.

diverse/reverse ￭ diverse a. 다양한. ￭ reverse v. 거꾸로 하다 a. 반대의. 역의 ♣ Every time a language dies, we have less evidence for understanding patterns in the structure and function of human language, human prehistory, and the maintenance of the world’s [reverse / diverse]  ecosystems.

during / while  ￭ during prep. -동안  ￭ while conj. -동안 ♣[ 05-07-Exam4you 23번] [While / During] periods of drought, farmers tend to plant fewer crops, and the resultant shortage of crop roots that hold the soil in place increases susceptibility to wind erosion.

economic/economical/economics ▪economic a. 경제의, 경제에 관한 ▪economical a. 경제적인, 절약하는(=frugal, thrifty) ▪economics 경제학 ♣ The romance of roses has been replaced by [economic /economics] realities. ♣ Consider the following example: say, your [economist/economy] has only apples, and you borrow $50 from a friend when apples are $2 each.

effect/result ￭ effect n. 영향. 효과. ￭ result n. 결과 ♣ [This year's examination [effects/results] show that girls are doing better than boys at the age of 16.

eject/inject/reject ▪eject v. 추방하다. (연기를) 분출하다. 배출하다 ￭ inject v. 주사하다 ▪reject v. 거절하다. 거부하다

elaborate/simplified ￭ elaborate[ilǽbərit]a. 공들인. 정교한 ￭ simplified a. 단순화한 ♣ A Korean speaker, for instance, may have to use different verb forms depending on his or her relationship to the person whom he or she speaks to. This indicates that Korean speakers at times use a more [elaborate / simplified]  system for addressing each other.

elect/erect ▪elect v. 선거(선출)하다	▪erect a. 직립의, 똑바로 선

embarrass/embrace ▪embarrass [imbǽrəs] 당황하게 하다  ▪embrace[imbréis] v. 포옹하다, 껴안다

emerge/submerge ￭ emerge v. 나타나다 ￭ submerge v. (물속에) 잠기다 ♣ In time the caterpillar [emerged / submerged] from a cocoon and transformed into a beautiful creature.

emergence/emergency ▪emergence n. 출현. 발생 ▪emergency n. 비상사태. 위급 ♣ Those things helped, but only after a trip to the [emergence / emergency] room did I realize the true problem.

emigrant/immigrant ￭ emigrant n. (타국․ 타지역으로의) 이민, 이주민. ￭ immigrant n. (타국에서의) 이주자, 이민.

eminent/imminent ￭ eminent[émənənt] a. 저명한. 유명한 ￭ imminent[ímənənt] a. 긴급한. 절박한

emit/omit ▪emit[imít] v. (빛, 열) 발산하다, 내뿜다 ▪omit v. 생략하다

employee/employer ▪employee n. 피고용인, 종업원▪employer  n. 고용주

ethical/ethnic ▪ethical a. 윤리적인	▪ethnic	a. 민족의, 인종의

evolution/revolution/resolution ￭ evolution[èvəlúːʃən] n. 진화 ￭ revolution[rèvəlúːʃ-ən] n. 혁명 ￭ resolution[rèzəlúːʃ-ən]n. 결심. 해결. ♣ Naples, Italy, is thought to be the birthplace of pizza as we know it today. However, pizza may be the product of 2,000 years of [revolution / evolution], beginning in the Middle East. ♣ Today, however, there are other ways to find a [resolution / revolution] that will be agreeable to both you and your opponent.

evolve/involve/revolve ▪evolve v. 진화(발전)하다 ▪involve 포함하다 ▪revolve 회전하다 ♣ In Korean, unlike in English, considerable differences exist in both grammar and vocabulary depending on the relationship between the two people [evolved / involved]  ♣ Because of their special eye structure, snakes are thought to have [evolved / involved] from lizards that burrowed underground.

excess/shortage ▪excess 초과. 과다 ▪shortage 부족. 결핍 ♣ To solve the [excess/shortage] of students, colleges in regional districts have planned strategies to attract foreign students to their schools.

exhibit/inhibit ￭ exhibit v. 전시하다. (감정을) 나타내다. 보이다 ￭ inhibit v. 금지하다 ♣ The children themselves [exhibited / inhibited] greater language and social development, and the number of behavior problems went down.

expand/expend/extend ▪expand v. 확대하다	▪expend v. 소비하다  ▪extend v. 넓히다, 연장하다 ♣Our individual rights and freedoms only [extend/expend] to the point where they begin to interfere with the rights and freedoms of others.

expect/suspect ￭ expect v. 기대하다 ￭ suspect v. 의심하다. n. 용의자 ♣ She was [suspecting / expecting] to find someone, but all she found was furniture covered with white sheets, spider webs in every corner and dust everywhere!

expel/impel ￭ expel v. 쫒아내다. 추방하다 ￭ impel v. 재촉하다. 강요하다 ♣ When a person does a certain thing once and again, he is [impelled /expelled] by some unseen forces to do the same thing repeatedly, and a habit is formed.

expensive/high ▪expensive 비싼 ▪high 높은 ♣ [High / Expensive]cost of inspection could be channeled into greater production

expert/export ▪expert n. 전문가 ▪export n. v. 수출(하다)

explode/explore/exploit ▪explode v. 폭발하다 ▪explore v. 탐험하다 ￭ exploit v. 이용하다. n. 공로 ♣ Robots of the future will be helpful with [exploding / exploring] space and manufacturing products.

expression/impression ￭ expression n. 표현. 표정 ￭ impression n. 인상 ♣ Each language is a unique [expression / impression] of the human experience of the world. ♣ Believe it or not, those robots will be capable of [impressing / expressing] their emotions to you!

fair/fare ￭ fair a. 공정한 n. 박람회 ￭ fare n. 운임. 요금

fair/fare ▪fair[fɛər] a. 공평한, 아름다운  n. 박람회 ▪fare[fɛər] n. 운임, (교통)요금

fall/fell ￭ fall [-fell-fallen] v. 떨어지다. 넘어지다. ￭ fell[-felled-felled] v. (나무를 베어) 넘어뜨리다 ♣[05-05-종로21번] These tongues then produce icebergs : the sea waves may undermine a tongue until the weight of the overhanging ice causes it to [fell / fall] into the sea.

famine/ feminine ▪famine[fǽmin] n. 굶주림, 기아  ▪feminine[fémənin] a. 여성의, 여성다운

famous/notorious ￭ famous a. 유명한 ￭ notorious a. (나쁜 의미로) 소문난. 유명한

fashion/passion/compassion ￭ fashion n. 양식. 스타일. 유행 ￭ passion n. 열정 ￭ compassion n. 동정

favor/flavor ￭ favor n. 부탁. 호의 ￭ flavor n. 맛

favorite/favorable ￭ favorite a. 가장 좋아하는 ￭ favorable a. 호의적인. 유리한

fellow/follow ▪fellow n. 동료, 친구  ▪follow v. 따르다

few/a few ￭ few 거의 없는 ￭ a few 약간 있는 ♣ Four hundreds years ago, [few / a few] people in England went to school or learned to read and write. But this lack of literacy does not mean the people were uneducated.

flame/frame ▪flame n. 불꽃, 불길  ▪frame n. 골격, 틀, 뼈대

flash/flesh/fresh // fresh/afresh  ￭ flash n. 섬광 ▪flesh n. 살(점) ▪fresh a. 신선한 ￭ afresh ad. 새롭게. 다시 ♣ Many cultures also have New Year traditions to get rid of bad luck and start [fresh / afresh] in the new year.

flea/flee ▪flea[fliː] n. 벼룩  ▪flee[fliː] v. 도망치다 (flee-fled-fled)

flight/fright ￭ flight n. 비행 ￭ fright n. 공포

floor/flour ▪floor n. 마루, 층▪flour[flauər] n. 밀가루

fork/folk/pork/poke ￭ fork n. 포크 ￭ folk n. 사람=people ￭ pork n. 돼지고기 ￭ poke v. (손․막대기 따위의 끝으로) 찌르다

formally/formerly ￭ formally ad. 정식으로  ￭ formerly ad. 전에

found/founded ￭find-found-found v. 발견하다. 찾다 ￭ found-founded-founded v. 설립하다. ♣[05-04-교육청] Through research, it was [found/founded] that these participants’ habits met the criteria for a psychological disorder, or more specifically, impulse control disorder. ♣ Ondol, [found / founded] only in Korea, is a heating system to warm the floor itself.

garage/garbage ▪garage	n. 차고, 수리공장	▪garbage n. 쓰레기

gay/guy ▪gay a. 명랑한, 쾌활한  ▪guy n. 사람, 놈, 녀석(fellow)

gaze/graze ￭ gaze v. 응시하다 ￭graze v.(가축이) 풀을 먹다 ♣[05-07-종로24번] After [gazing/grazing] at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop.

general/generous ￭ general a. 일반적인. n. 장군 ￭ generous a. 관대한. 너그러운

generalize/generate ￭ generalize v. 일반화[보편화]하다 ￭ generate v. (전기. 열등을) 발생시키다 ♣ Wind has been used to [generalize / generate] electricity in many parts of the world.

genius/genuine ▪genius[ʤíːnjəs] n. 천재 ▪genuine [ʤénjuin] a. 진짜의

geology/geometry ▪geology n. 지리학  ▪geometry n. 기하학

glass/grass ▪glass n. 유리. 글라스. (pl) 안경 ▪grass n. 풀  ♣ a bright sunlit day on the water that causes them to squint and reach for colored [glasses/ grasses] also has an adverse effect on the film in the camera unless certain precautions are taken.

globe/glove ￭ globe[gloub] n. 구(球).  (the ∼) 지구 ￭ glove[glʌv] n. 장갑. 글러브

good/goods // good/well ▪good a. 좋은 n. 선. 이익 ▪goods 상품. 물건 ￭ well a. 건강한 ad. 잘 n. 우물 ♣ Steve used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make requests for [goods/good] that do not exist. ♣ We’ve known that men aren’t [good / well] at conversation, particularly when compared to women.

graceful/gracious ▪graceful a. 고상한, 우아한  ▪gracious [gréiʃəs] a. 인자한, 정중한

great/small ♣ And the increase in temperature could be even [greater / smaller] in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. It could cause the great ice sheets to melt.

greed/greet ▪greed n. 탐욕 ▪greet	v. 인사하다

guilty/innocent ￭ guilty a. 유죄의. 죄책감을 갖는 ￭ innocent a. 결백한. 무죄의. 순진한 ♣ Still other survivors may be overcome with feelings of [guilt / innocence], feeling that they somehow neglected or ignored their departed loved one.

hair/hare/heir ￭ hair n. 머리카락. 털 ￭ hare[hɛər] n. 산토끼 ￭ heir[ɛər] n. 상속인

hand/handy/handful ￭ hand n. 손. 일손. 도움 v. 건네주다 ￭ handy a. 다루기 쉬운. 가까이 있는 ￭ handful n. 한 움큼. 소수. 소량  ♣ But in spite of the discoveries that support the mainstream, there are still a [hand / handful] of scientists who don't believe in the Big Bang.

hang/hanged ￭ hang[-hung-hung] v. 걸다. 매달다 • hang[-hanged-hanged] v. 목매달다. 교수형에 처하다 ♣ Then it built a cocoon for itself and [hanged / hung] from a twig.

healthful/healthy ▪healthful a. 건강에 좋은: healthful exercise ▪healthy a. 건강한

heap/hip ￭ heap[hiːp] v. 쌓아올리다 ￭ hip[hip] n. 엉덩이

heel/heal/hill ￭ heel[hiːl]n. 뒤꿈치 ￭ heal[hiːl]v. 고치다 ￭ hill[hil]n. 언덕

heir/hire ▪hire v. 고용하다 ▪heir[ɛər] n. 상속인

historic/historical  ▪historic a. 역사상 유명한	;the historic scenes 사적, 유적. ▪historical a. 역사(상)의 ;historical background 역사적 배경.

human/humane ￭ human n. 인간 ￭ humane[hjuːméin] a. 자비로운. 인정 있는

identity/identification ￭ identity n. 정체성 ￭ identification n. 신원확인. 동일시 ♣[Above all, speakers of these languages may experience the loss of their language as a loss of their original ethnic and cultural [identity / identification]

imaginable/imaginary/imaginative ▪imaginable a. 상상할 수 있는 ▪imaginary a. 가상의, 가공의▪imaginative a. 상상력이 풍부한 ♣ He would invent fanciful names on the spot. On entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called "Scented Shadow. He loved to be told that one of his [imaginative/imaginary] products was all sold out and he would seriously promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did.

imitate/intimate ￭ imitate v. 모방하다 ￭ intimate[íntəmit] a. 친밀한. 친한. 정통한

impair/repair ￭ impair v. 해치다. 손상하다 ￭ repair v. 수리하다 ♣ Spam also a big problem for people who are hearing [impaired/repaired] and rely on e-mail, rather than the telephone, to communicate.

include/exclude/conclude ▪include v. 포함하다▪exclude v. 배제하다 ￭ conclude v. 결론짓다  ♣[05-04-교육청] Since these findings, Net compulsions have been further defined to  [exclude/include] “compulsive online gambling” and “online auction addiction.”

indicate/predict ￭ indicate v. 가리키다. 지시하다 ￭ predict v. 예언하다. 예상하다 ♣There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB, and O.  A simple test can [predict / indicate] a person's blood type.

industrial/industrious ￭ industrial a. 산업의  ￭ industrious a.부지런한 ♣ The syllabus stated that the class would trace the development of technology from Roman times to the [industrial / industrious] age. *sillabus[síləbəs] n. 강의 계획서 ♣ He is really [industrial / industrious].

infer/refer ￭ infer v. 추리하다. 추론하다 ￭ refer v. 언급하다 ♣  Good learners appear to be good at [inferring/referring] rules from examples.

ingenious/ingenuous ▪ingenious [indʒíːnjəs] a. 발명에 재능이 있는▪ingenuous[indʒénjuːəs]a.솔직한

initial/initiative ￭ initial[iníʃəl]a. 처음의. 시작의 n. 머리글자 ￭ initiative[in˝́iʃətiv] n. 솔선. 주도 ♣ The importance of taking the [ initial / initiative] in conversations rather than simply remaining passive should never be underestimated when learning a new language.

insist/consist ￭ insist v. 주장하다. 고집하다 ￭ consist -으로 구성되다(of). -에 존재하다. 있다

intellectual/intelligent ▪intellectual a. 지적인	▪intelligent a. 총명한, 영리한 ♣ Patents are sometimes used to help inventors, owners, artists, etc. protect their own [intellectual / intelligent] property.

intension/intention ￭ intension[inténʃən] n. 강도. 긴장 ￭ intention[inténʃən] n. 의도. 의향 ♣ The [ intension / intention] of most of these individuals is not to destroy or exploit systems but to learn in minute detail how they are used and what they are used for.

intensive/extensive ￭ intensive a. 집중적인 ￭ extensive a. 광대한. 넓은

jealous/zealous ￭ jealous[dʒéləs] a. 질투하는. 시샘하는 ￭ zealous[zéləs] a. 열심인. 열성적인

keep/remain ￭ keep v. 유지하다. 보관하다. 간직하다 ￭ remain v. 남아있다. 여전히-이다 ♣ In ancient Greece, a wealthy man was going on a trip. Twenty slaves were to carry the bags for the trip. The man told the slaves they could pick any bag they wanted, but they must [keep / remain]  the same bag for the whole trip.

label/level ￭ label[léibəl] n. 라벨. 꼬리표. (사람․단체․사상 등의 특색을 나타내는) 호칭. ￭ level n. 수평. 수준 ♣ The term "hacker" was first used in the 1960s to describe college students at MIT. The students were given this title because of their obsession with computers. "Hacker" was a [label / level] of pride to these students.

laser/razor ￭ laser[léizəːr] n. 레이저(광선) ￭ razor[réizəːr] n. 면도칼. 전기면도기

late/lately ￭ late a. ad. 늦은. 늦게 ￭ lately ad. 최근에 ♣[05-03-중앙24번] This land has been donated to the school by Mr. John Smith. the son of the [late / lately] Tom Smith.

later/latter ￭ late-later-latest[시간] 나중에 ￭ late-latter-last[순서] 후자

lawn/loan ▪lawn[lɔːn] n. 잔디  ▪loan[loun] n. v. 대부(하다)

leaf/leap/lip/limp ▪leaf[liːf] n. 나뭇잎 ▪leap[liːp] v. 뛰다, 도약하다 ￭ lip[lip]n. 입술 ￭ limp [limp] v. 절뚝거리다 ♣ When she came out on the doorstep, my heart [leaped / limped].

less/more ♣[05-05-종로20번] It is true that they owed a great deal to the Babylonians and still [less / more] to the Egyptians.

lesson/lessen ￭ lesson [lésn] n. 학과. 수업. 교훈 ￭ lessen[lésn] v. 줄이다

let in/let out ￭ let in 들이다 ￭ let out 내보내다 ♣ The aperture is literally the opening of the camera or the place where the light is [let in / let out]. *aperture [ǽpərtʃùər] n. (렌즈의) 구경(口徑).

lie/lay ▪lie-lied-lied vt. 거짓말하다 ▪lie-lay-lain vi. 놓여있다, 누워있다 ▪lay-laid-laid vt. -을 놓다, -을 낳다 ♣  Every morning I [lay / laid] on the floor in the front parlor, watching her door.

life/living ￭ make[earn] a living 생계를 세우다 ♣ Even though I was ranked number one, I wasn’t making a [life / living]  at it.

like/likely //like/unlike ￭ like 좋아하다 -와 같은 ￭ likely a. 있음직한. 가능한 [to] -할 것 같은 ￭ unlike -와는 달리 ♣ Movies are also [like / likely] a time machine which takes us back into the past or gives us a glimpse into the future. ♣ But [like / unlike] most lizards, snakes lack legs, movable eyelids, and external ear openings.

literary/literate/literal ▪literary[lítərəri] a. 문학의 ▪literacy[lítərəsi] n. 읽고 쓸 수 있는 능력↔illiteracy[ilítərəsi]n. 문맹 ▪literate[lítərit] a. 읽고 쓸 수 있는 ▪literal[lítərəl] a. 문자 그대로의 ♣ Four hundreds years ago, few people in England went to school or learned to read and write. But this lack of [literacy / illiteracy] does not mean the people were uneducated.

locate/localize ￭ locate v. 위치를 정하다. 위치[장소]를 찾아내다 ￭ localize v. 국한하다. (군대를) 나누어 배치하다 ♣ To produce the most electricity, wind turbines need to be [located / localized] in areas where the wind blows at a constant speed.

loose/lose ￭ loose[luːs] a. 매지 않은. 풀린. 헐거운. 헐렁한  ￭ lose[luːz] v. 잃다

lovable/loving ▪lovable a. 사랑스러운, 애교 있는  ▪loving a. 사랑하는 • loving glances 애정 어린 눈빛.

loyal/royal ▪loyal a. 충성스러운  ▪royal a. 왕(실)의  * royalty 왕권. 인세, 특허세

luxurious/luxuriant ▪luxurious[lʌgʒúəriəs] a. 호화로운, 사치스러운 ▪luxuriant[lʌgʒúəriənt] a. 풍부한. 번성한 * luxury[lʌ́kʃəri] n. 사치. (pl)사치품

major/majority ￭ major a. 주요한 n. 전공과목. 소령 v. 전공하다 ￭ majority n. 대부분. 대다수. 성년 ♣The [major / majority] of them chose the pen they had looked at while they were listening to pleasant background music.

make/take ♣ Any pictures that are [made/taken] will have to travel for three minutes before they reach the earth.

marble/marvel ￭ marble[mɑ́ːrb-əl] n. 대리석 ￭ marvel[mɑ́ːrv-əl] 놀라움. 경이

mark/remark ￭ mark n. 표시. 점수. 평점 ￭ remark n. 소견. 발언 ♣ Twenty years ago, girls used to be better in languages and history and the boys used to get higher [marks/remarks] in maths and the sciences.

mass/mess ▪mass n. 큰 덩어리, 대중   ▪mess n. 지저분함

medical/medicinal ￭ medical a. 의학의. 의약의 ￭ medicinal[mədísən-əl] a.약용의. 약효있는

memorable/memorial ▪memorable a. 기억할만한 ▪memorial a. 기념의 n. 기념물

metal/mental //mental/physical ▪metal  n. 금속 ▪mental a. 정신적인  ￭ physical a. 육체의. 신체의 ♣ Shortly after a loved one has died, grieving people often experience [mental / physical] discomfort such as shortness of breath and tightness of the throat.

miser/misery ￭ miser[máizər] n. 구두쇠. 수전노 ￭ misery[mízəri] n. 불행. 비참함

momentary/momentous ▪momentary[móuməntèri] a. 순간적인	▪momentous[mouméntəs] a. 중대한

moral/mortal //morality/mortality ▪moral a. 도덕적인  ▪mortal a. 치명적인, 죽을 운명의 ￭ morality n. 도덕 ￭ mortality n. 죽어야 할 운명 ♣ Today, the lack of [morality / mortality] is becoming an increasingly serious problem in business.

murder/murmur ▪murder v. 살해하다  ▪murmur n. v. 중얼거림, 중얼거리다

natural/neutral ￭ natural a. 자연의 ￭ neutral[njúːtrəl] a. 중립의 ♣ What exactly is an iceberg? This [neutral / natural] phenomenon is the result of a glacial movement.

near/nearly ￭ near a. ad. 가까운. 가까이 ￭ nearly ad. 거의 ♣ If the pictures are successful, they may solve a number of problems about Mars and provide information about the markings on its surface which, [near/nearly] 100 years ago, the astronomer, Schiaparelli, thought to be canals.

nephew/niece ￭ nephew n. 조카 ￭ niece n. 조카딸 ♣ A twelfth-century couple, Heloise and Abelard, is often mentioned when romantic love becomes the  subject of scholarly discussion. When they met, Heloise was the [nephew / niece] of a wealthy scholar.

noble/novel ▪noble a. 고상한, 귀족적인  ▪novel n. (장편)소설 a. 새로운

object/subject ￭ object n. 물건. 물체. 물체. 목적. 목적어.￭ subject n. 주제. 주어. 국민. 실험 대상자 ♣ [Objects / Subjects] in the study were shown slides of light blue or beige pens. ♣[05-04-종로23번] Now, girls are doing better in almost all [objects/subjects] ♣  A twelfth-century couple, Heloise and Abelard, is often mentioned when romantic love becomes the [object / subject] of scholarly discussion.

objective/objection ▪objective n. 목적. 목적어 a. 객관적인 ▪objection n. 반대. 이의 ♣ I know you will be interested in the [objective / objection]  of our committee. ♣ To some people, art is the depiction of an [object / objection] - a painting or sculpture of a person, for example. For others, art may be a blank canvas, or a piece of chalk.

observe/reserve/preserve/conserve ▪observe v. 관찰하다, 준수하다 ▪reserve v. 예약하다, 보류하다, 보호구역  ▪preserve v.보존하다▪conserve v. 보존하다

odor/order ￭ odor[óudər] n. 냄새 ￭ order[ɔ́ːrdər] n. 명령. 순서. 주문 ♣[05-06-대성24번] We chatted amiably as I took their [odor/order], and I soon served them their meal. ♣ When even slightly aroused, Bees emit a chemical alarm [odor / order] called pheromone.

only a few/not a few ￭ only a few 아주 극소수의 ￭ not a few 꽤 많은. 상당한.

oppose/suppose ￭ oppose v. 반대하다 ￭ suppose v. 추측하다 ♣ As you might have guessed in England, a country of animal lovers, fox hunting is strongly [opposed/supposed] by some people.

optimism/pessimism ▪optimism n. 낙관주의 ▪pessimism n. 비관주의, 염세주의

organize/originate ￭ organize v. 조직하다 ￭ originate v. 시작하다. 근원이 되다 ♣Chess is such an ancient game that historians aren't certain exactly where or when it [originate/organized].

particular/particularly ￭particular a.특별한. 특정한*in particular 특히=particularly ♣ In [particularly/particular], most of them depend more upon a thick layer of blubber or fat than on thick fur to keep warm in the ocean.

pat/pet ▪pat v. 다독이다, 가볍게 때리다 ▪pet n. 애완동물

pause/pose/ pause[pɔːz] v.멈추다 .일시정지 ￭ pose[pouz] v. 자세를 취하다. (문제를) 제기하다

pedestrian/pediatrician ￭ pedestrian[pədéstriən] n. 보행자 ￭ pediatrician[pìːdiətríʃən] n. 소아과 의사

peel/pill/ ▪peel[piːl] v. (과일 등의)껍질을 벗기다 ▪pill[pil] n. 알약  ♣   Last month, I was getting a bad headache every few days. The "solution" that I arrived at, was to buy a pair of reading glasses and a big bottle of pain relief [pills / peels].

periodic/periodical ￭ periodic [pìəriɑ́dic] a. 주기적인. 정기의 ￭ periodical a. 주기적인. 정기간행의 n. 정기간행물

perish/polish ▪perish v. 죽다, 멸망하다  ▪polish v. 광내다, 윤내다

personal/personnel ￭ personal a. 개인의 ￭ personnel n. 직원 ♣ Some people believe it is their right to do whatever they want with their [personnel/personal]  property.

physics/physician/physicist ￭ physics n. 물리학 ￭ physician 내과의사 ￭ physicist n. 물리학자

pick/peek ￭ pick[pik] v. 따다. 뜯다 ￭ peek[piːk] v. 엿보다 ♣ When the dogs [pick/peek] up the scent of a fox, somebody blows a horn and then dogs, horses and rider all chase the fox.

pierce/fierce ￭ pierce v. 관통하다 ￭ fierce a. 사나운

population/popularity ￭ population n. 인구. 개체수 ￭ popularity n. 인기 ♣Americans aren’t the only pizza lovers in the world. Pizza’s [popularity/population] is soaring from Sydney, Australia, to Moscow, Russia.

poverty/prosperity/property ▪poverty n. 빈곤 ▪prosperity n. 번영  ▪property n. 재산, 특성 ♣ Nicasio Aranas had to leave school at the age of 14 when Japan invaded the Philippines. His family’s [poverty/property] forced him to work rather than study.

practical/practicable ￭ practical a. 실제상의. 실용적인 ￭ practicable a. 실행할 수 있는

pray/prey ▪pray[prei] v. 기도하다  ▪prey[prei] n. 먹이

precede/proceed ￭ precede v. -에 선행하다. -앞서다 ￭ proceed v. 나아가다. 진행하다

precise/precious ￭ precise[prisáis] a. 정확한 ￭ precious[préʃəs] a. 귀중한

predict/pretend ￭ predict v. 예언하다. 예보하다 ￭ pretend v. 가장하다. -인체 하다 ♣Scientists [pretend / predict] that there will be major changes in the climate during the next year. ♣ [Pretending / Predicting] the future is almost impossible.

prescription/subscription ￭ prescription n. 처방전 ￭ subscription n. 구독예약. 기부청약

preserve/persevere ▪preserve[prizə́ːrv] v. 보존하다	▪persevere[pə̀ːrsəvíər] v. 참다, 견디다

previous/precious ▪previous[príːviəs] a. 이전의 ￭ precious[préʃəs] a. 귀중한

priceless/valueless ￭ priceless a. 대단히 귀중한 ￭ valueless a. 가치가 없는 ♣the tour guides remind them to stay on the tour mats, thus protecting [valueless/ priceless] Oriental rugs.

principal/principle	▪principal a.주요한 n.교장  ▪principle n.원리, 원칙 ♣ They forget that the camera's eye works on [principles/ principals] similar to their own.

process/progress //process/procession ▪process n. 과정, 절차, 처리   ▪progress n. v. 진보(하다), 나아가다 ￭ procession n. 행진. 행렬 ♣ Play is the learning of childhood. But that does not mean that the [procession / process] will flourish without thought or planning.

production/productivity ▪production n. 생산 ▪productivity n. 생산성 If you want [production/ productivity], think about this. If every person and machine did things right the first time, the same number of people could handle more work.

proof/prove ▪proof n. 증거 ▪prove v. 증명하다

proper/prosper ▪proper a. 적당한, 알맞은 ▪prosper v. 번성(번창)하다

property/prosperity ￭ property n. 재산. 소유권. (고유한) 성질. 특징 ￭ prosperity n. 번영. 번성

protect/protest ▪protect v. 보호하다   ▪protest v. 항의하다

prove/approve/improve ▪prove v.입증(판명)되다▪approve v. 승인(찬성)하다 ▪improve v. 개선(향상)시키다 ♣ That quarantine had [proven / approved] to be immensely profitable. * quarantine[kwɔ́ːrəntìːn] 격리; 정선(停船) 기간,

pulse/purse/ ￭ pulse[pʌls] n. 맥박 ￭ purse[pəːrs] n. 돈주머니. 지갑

punish/publish ￭ punish v. 벌주다 ￭ publish v. 출판하다

put/set ♣ Some time after the trip, the master decided to [set/put] his clever slave free.

quality/quantity ▪quality n. 질  ▪quantity n. 양 ♣ If we keep buying the products of our country no matter what the [quality/quantity]  is, it is only over-protection. The companies of our country won’t see any need to improve the quality of their products.

quiet/quite/quit ▪quiet [kwáiət] a. 조용한 ▪quite[kwait] ad. 꽤, 아주 ▪quit v. 그만두다

ragged/rugged ￭ ragged a. 누덕누덕한 ￭ rugged a. 울퉁불퉁한

raw/row  ▪raw[rɔː] a. 날것의, 가공하지 않은 n. 줄, 열  ▪row[rou] v. 노 젓다

real/nominal ￭ real a. 진짜의, 사실의 ￭ nominal a. 명목상의 ♣ Consider the following example: say, your economy has only apples, and you borrow $50 from a friend when apples are $2 each. You owe your friend 25 apples' worth of value. If the price of apples drops to $1 each, your debt remains at $50, but the value of your debt is now 50 apples. Thus, the [real/nominal] value of your debt doubles when the price level falls in half.

reap/ripe ▪reap[riːp] v. 수확하다, 거두어들이다  ▪ripe[raip]a. 익은, 성숙한

recollect/reflect ￭ recollect v. 회상하다 ￭ reflect v. 반사하다. 반영하다. 숙고하다 ♣ For example, they've found that more men than women are left-handed; this [recollects/reflects] the dominance of the brain's right hemisphere.

regretful/regrettable ▪regretful a. 후회하는 ▪regrettable a. 유감스런

release/relieve ▪release 풀어놓다. 석방하다. 발매하다. 개봉하다 ▪relieve (고통. 부담 등을)경감하다. 덜다 ♣ Some scientists think that helping others produces a "helper’s high," or the pleasant and quiet mood caused by the [relieve/release] of endorphins.

reliable/undependable ▪reliable a. 믿을만한 ▪undependable 의지[신뢰]할 수 없는 ♣[05-02-Exam4you24번]They say solar and wind energy can provide a [reliable/undependable]  supply of electricity.

remember/remind ￭ remember v. 기억하다 ￭ remind v. 생각나게 하다. 상기시키다 ♣ If you turn out to be right, people will know it. You don't have to [remember/remind] them. ♣ "Bob, [remember / remind] this important lesson.

representative/representation ▪representative 대표자 ▪representation 표현. 설명 ♣ The university sent school [representation/representatives] to Shenyang and Shandong in China to introduce their university to the local students there.

respectable/respectful/respected/respective ▪respectable a. 존경을 받을만한, 훌륭한 ▪respectful a. 경의를 표하는. 공손한  ▪respected a. 존경받는 ▪respective a. 각각의 ♣ It requires that the parties stay focused on one another's [respectful / respective] goals and interests.

reveal/conceal ￭ reveal v. 드러내다 ￭ conceal v. 숨기다

ripe/ripen ▪ripe a. 익은. 성숙한 ▪ripen[ráip-ən] v. 익다. 성숙하다 ♣ When I was growing up, one of the places I enjoyed most was the cherry tree in the back yard. Every summer when the cherries began to [ripen/ripe], I used to spend hours high in the tree, picking and eating the sweet, sun-warmed cherries.

rob/rub ▪rob v. 강탈하다	▪rub v. 문지르다

role/roll ▪role [roul n. 역할 ▪roll[roul] v. 구르다  n. 두루말이

rural/rustic ▪rural a. 지방의, 시골의  ▪rustic	[rʌ́stik] a. 소박한, 촌스러운

sacred/scared/scarce ￭ sacred[séikrid] a. 신성한 ￭ scared[skɛəːrd] a. 무서워하는. 겁먹은 ￭ scarce[skɛəːrs]a. 부족한; 드문. 진귀한 ♣Many changes took place in musical  composition  because of a new interest in secular as well as [scared/sacred] music. ♣ Sandra walked into the castle. The front door was open but nobody was there. She became very [scared / scarce].

safe/shape ▪safe a. 안전한  n. 금고  ▪shape n. 형태

saw/sew/sow ￭ see-saw-seen 보다 ￭ saw [sɔː] (∼ed; ∼n [sɔːn]) v. 톱질하다 ￭ sew[sou] ( sewed; sewed, sewn [soun]) v. 깁다. 꿰매다 ￭ sow[sou](∼ed; ∼ed, ∼n [soun]) v. (씨를) 뿌리다 ♣ I remember one winter my dad needed firewood, and he found a dead tree and [saw / sawed] it down.

scold/scorn/scoff ￭ scold v. 꾸짖다	￭ scorn v. 경멸(비난)하다	￭ scoff v. 비웃다

seat/sit ▪seat n. 자리. 좌석 vt. 앉히다 be seated 앉(아있)다 ❊ seated a. 자리에 앉은 ▪sit v. 앉다. sit on -의 일원이다 ♣ I hope you will be able to come, and that you will agree to  [sit / seat ] on the committee. ♣ Making the floor of the room hot, ondol formed a [seated / standing] lifestyle in Korea.

self/shelf ▪self n. 자기, 자아  ▪shelf n. 선반

sensible/sensitive/sensual/sensuous ￭ sensible a. 분별 있는, 현명한(=wise)  ￭ sensitive a. 민감한  sensual[sénʃuəl] a. 관능적인  ￭ sensuous[sénʃuəs] a. 감각적인 ♣ And he is really [sensible / sensory] about what he eats. He never overeats himself and touches junk food.♣ You can buy all types of film for your camera, and they will all have a film speed. "Fast" films are more [sensible / sensitive] to light than "slow" films.

soar/sore/sour/￭ soar[sɔːr] v. 높이 날다[오르다] ￭ sore[sɔːr] a. 아픈. 쑤시는 ￭ sour[sáuəːr] a. 시큼한. 신

social/sociable ￭ social a. 사회적인  ￭ sociable a. 사교적인 ♣ Ordinarily men and women like their work, and at most periods of history always have done so. When they do not like it, the fault lies in the psychological and [social/sociable] conditions of the job rather than in the worker.

soul/sole ￭ soul[soul] n. 영혼 ￭ sole[soul] a. 유일한. n. 발바닥

species/specie ￭ species n. 종(種) ￭ specie[spíːʃi(ː)] n. 정금(正金), 정화(正貨)(지폐에 대하여).♣ In places far and wide, humans are squeezing out other forms of life and sometimes causing the extinction of entire [specie / species].

spontaneously/simulltaneously ￭ spontaneously ad. 자발적으로, 저절로  ￭ simultaneously ad. 동시에

staff/stiff/stuff ￭ staff n. 직원, 임원 ￭ stiff a. 뻣뻣한, 딱딱한  ￭ stuff n. 물질, 재료

stain/strain ￭ stain n. v. 얼룩(지게하다) ￭strain n. 긴장

stationary/stationery ￭ stationary[stéiʃ-ənèri] a. 움직이지 않는. 정지된 ￭ stationery[stéiʃ-ənèri] n. 문방구

statistically/strategically ￭ statistical a. 통계의. 통계상의 ❊ statistics n. 통계. 통계학 ￭ strategically ad. 전략상. 전략적으로  ❊ strategy n. 전략 ♣ [Strategically / Statistically], only twenty-five percent of those kids should have finished high school, and almost none of them should have gone to college.

status/statue/statute ￭ status[stéitəs] n. 지위. 신분 ￭ statue[stǽtʃuː]n. 상(像), 조상(彫像)￭ statute[stǽtʃuːt] n. 법령 ♣ Work is an essential part of a man's life since it is the inspect of his life which gives him [status/statute] and binds him to society.

study/research ￭ study n. 공부. 연구. 서재 ￭ research n. 연구. 조사 ♣ The last class of my old professor's life took place once a week in his house, by a window in the [study / research] where he could watch a small hibiscus plant shed its pink leaves.

success/succession ￭ success n. 성공 ￭ succession n. 연속. 계승

successful/successive ￭ successful a. 성공적인  ￭ successive a. 연속적인 ♣ If one wishes to defeat the other rather than cooperate, the mediation will not be [successful / successive].

superior/inferior ￭ superior[səpíəriər] a. -보다 우월한 ￭ inferior[infíəriər] a. -보다 열등한

support/supply ▪support v. 지지하다. 부양하다 ▪supply n. v. 공급(하다) ♣ After he married, he worked long hours to [supply/support] his family.

sure/ensure ￭ sure a. 확실한 sure (of) -를 확신하다 ￭ ensure v. 보장하다. ♣ The prime aim of the manufacturer is to [sure / ensure] that sales of toys are bolstered all through the year.

surface/suffice ￭ surface [sə́ːrfis] n. 표면 ￭ suffice[səfáis] v. 충분하다

swallow/shallow/shadow/sparrow ￭ swallow n. 제비  v. 삼키다	￭ shallow a. 얕은	￭ shadow	n. 그림자 ￭ sparrow n. 참새

sweat/sweet ￭sweat[swet] n. 땀  v. 땀을 흘리다 ￭ sweet a. 달콤한

terrible/terrific ▪terrible 무서운. 지독한 ▪terrific 멋진  ♣ [05-06-대성24번] It was my first job, and I was determined to be a [terrible/terrific] waitress.

thirsty/thrifty ￭ thirstry a. 목마른. 갈증이 나는 ￭ thrifty[ɵrífti] a. 검소한 ￭ thrift n. 절약, 검소         ￭ thirst n. 갈증, 목마름♣ Though he’s a man of means, he still lives a simple life. He always says to me, “We have to be [thirsty / thrifty] and save money for a rainy day.”

though/through/thorough ￭ though conj. 비록-이지만 ￭ through[ɵruː] prep. 통하여 ￭ thorough[ɵə́ːrou] a. 철저한 ♣ [Through / Thorough] movies we are transported all over the world and we learn about different cultures and lifestyles.♣[05-06-대성23번] Language-learning experts have noticed one interesting feature of good learners: they seem to develop a [through/thorough] understanding of the rules of the foreign language quite quickly.♣ The mighty Amazon River flows [through / thorough] America.

thread/threat ￭ thread n. 실 ￭ threat n. 협박, 위협

tide/tidy/tiny ￭ tide n. 조류, 흐름  ￭ tidy a. 말쑥한, 단정한 ￭ tiny a. 작은, 사소한

tolerable/tolerant ￭ tolerable a. 참을 수 있는 ￭ tolerant a. 관대한, 아량 있는

tow/toe ￭ tow[tou] v. 견인하다. 끌다 ￭ toe[tou] n. 발가락

trait/traitor ￭ trait n. 특징 ￭ traitor n. 배신자=betrayer

treat/tread ￭ treat v. 취급하다, 접대하다 ￭ tread v. 밟다

trial/trivial ￭ trial n. 시도. 재판 ￭ trivial a. 사소한

university/universe ￭ university n. 대학교  ￭ universe n. 우주

useful/useless ▪useful 유용한 ▪useless 쓸모없는 ♣ The wind generators are [useful/useless] when the wind doesn't blow.

vacation/vocation ￭ vacation[veikéiʃən] n. 방학 ￭ vocation[voukéiʃən] n. 직업

vague/vogue ￭ vague[veig] a. 애매모호한  ￭ vogue[voug] n. 유행

vain/vein ￭ vain[vein] a. 허영심이 강한. 헛된 ￭ vein[vein] n. 정맥

value/valuables// valuable/invaluable/valueless ￭ value n. 가치. v. 평가하다 ￭ valuables  n. 귀중품 ￭ valuable a. 귀중한 ￭ invaluable a. 매우 귀중한(=priceless) ￭ valueless a. 가치 없는 ♣ When it was finally built under his leadership some 30 years later, it brought [valueless/ invaluable] service to the world.

various/variable ￭ various a. 다양한 ￭ variable a. 변하기 쉬운. n. 변수

wait/await ￭ await=wait for v. -를 기다리다. ♣ By now, a rocket will have set off on its 35 million-mile trip to Mars and scientists must be [waiting/awaiting] anxiously for the results.

wake/waken/awake ￭ wake v. 잠이 깨다. 일어나다 ￭ waken v. 깨우다  ￭ awake v. 깨우다 ; wake, awake는 자동사로서 쓰이는 일이 많으며, waken, awaken은 타동사로서 쓰이는 일이 많음

walking/working ♣ one guide said, "how would you like to have five thousand people  [walking/ working] on your living-room carpet each day?

wander/wonder  ￭ wander v. 방황하다 ￭ wonder v. 궁금히 여기다  n. 놀라움, 경이 ♣ There are few barricades to prevent tourists from [wandering / wondering].  ♣ I used to [wonder /wander] why the grown-ups never ate any of the cherries.

warm/worm ▪warm[wɔːrm] a. 따뜻한 ▪worm[wəːrm]  n. 벌레, 지렁이

warship/worship ▪warship[wɔ́ːrʃìp] n. 전함	▪worship[wə́ːrʃip] n. v. 예배(하다), 숭배(하다)

welfare/farewell ￭ welfare	n. 복지, 행복 ❊ child welfare 아동복지  ￭ farewell n. a.  작별[고별]의 ❊ a farewell address 고별사. a farewell dinner party 송별연 ❊ bid [say] farewell to ┅에게 작별을 고하다.

wound/wounded ￭ wound [wuːnd](-wounded-wounded) n. v. 부상. 상처. 상처를 입히다 ￭ wind [waind] (p., pp. wound [waund]) v. (강․길이) 꼬불꼬불 구부러지다, 굽이치다 ♣ The river [wound/wounded] its course through the forest. ♣ The piranha fish travel in large groups. They grow wild creature when the scent of blood from a [wound / wounded] reaches them.

yarn/yawn/yearn ￭ yarn[jɑːrn] n. 실. 털실 ￭ yawn[jɔːn] v. 하품하다 ￭ yearn[jəːrn] v. -를 갈망하다